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The union of Christ’s divine and human natures in one divine person.
Christ, the divine Second Person of the Blessed Trinity, includes in Himself a human nature.
Christ’s divine will is separate from His human will. Lk 22:42 “Father, if thou art willing, remove this cup from me; nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done.” However, both wills are always in perfect harmony because His human will always aligns itself with His divine will.
At the Council of Chalcedon, 451 AD, the Church declared that Christ’s two natures are joined “in one person and one hypostasis.” (Denziger 302)
Hypostasis means an individual, complete substance existing entirely in itself. A human person is a hypostasis endowed with reason.
The phrase hypostatic union was adopted by the fifth general council at Constantinople, 533 AD. That council declared that the union of two natures is real (against Arius), not a mere indwelling of God in a man (against Nestorius), with a rational soul (against Apollinaris), and that in Christ’s divine nature remains unchanged (against Eutyches).
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